Which intervention has been found to be especially effective in preventing depression among adolescents at higher risk of depression due to having a parent with depression? a. cognitive restructuring b. mindfulness c. medication maintenance d. interpersonal therapy
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer: d. interpersonal therapy
Interpersonal therapy (IPT) has been found to be especially effective in preventing depression among adolescents who are at higher risk due to having a parent with depression. This evidence-based intervention focuses on improving interpersonal relationships and communication patterns, which are often affected in families dealing with depression. The therapy is grounded in the understanding that improving the quality of social and family relationships can significantly impact mood and mental health.
Adolescents with a depressed parent are more likely to experience disruptions in their home environment, including less emotional availability from the parent, higher levels of conflict, and increased stress. These conditions can elevate the risk for the adolescent to develop depressive symptoms. Interpersonal therapy helps by addressing specific issues such as grief, role transitions, role disputes, and interpersonal deficits. It teaches adolescents to recognize the link between their mood and relationship events, then equips them with the tools to manage these issues effectively.
Research has shown that IPT is particularly beneficial when adapted for adolescents (IPT-A). In preventive formats, IPT-A has helped reduce the onset of depressive symptoms by improving emotional expression, enhancing social support, and reducing misunderstandings in relationships. Its structured nature and time-limited format make it appealing and practical for school or community-based settings.
Other interventions, such as cognitive restructuring and mindfulness, also have benefits for managing depression but are generally more effective as part of a broader treatment plan or for individuals already experiencing symptoms. Medication maintenance is typically not a preventive strategy, especially in adolescents without current clinical depression.
In summary, interpersonal therapy is especially effective for high-risk adolescents because it directly addresses the relational and emotional challenges that often emerge in families where a parent is suffering from depression. It empowers the adolescent with skills that reduce vulnerability to depression and build long-term emotional resilience.