Which behavior is both territorial and used for courtship? 1.) baring teeth as a sign of aggression 2.) sparring or wrestling using antlers or horns 3.) dance rituals with potential partners 4.) defending a nest from predators
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is 2) sparring or wrestling using antlers or horns.
Sparring or wrestling using antlers or horns is a behavior that is both territorial and used for courtship in many animal species, particularly in mammals like deer, moose, and bighorn sheep. During the breeding season, males engage in these behaviors to establish dominance and territorial boundaries, which is a critical part of the animal’s strategy for gaining access to mates.
In the case of male deer, for example, they use their antlers to engage in battles with rival males. The fights typically involve pushing, shoving, and locking antlers, and are often accompanied by displays of strength and endurance. These displays serve two main purposes: to defend a territory or mating ground from rival males and to attract females. The outcome of these sparring matches signals the strongest, most dominant male, who is typically the one chosen by females for mating. This courtship behavior ensures that the female mates with the strongest male, which can be beneficial for the survival of the offspring.
While baring teeth, dancing, and defending a nest may also be linked to aggression, courtship, or territorial defense, sparring with antlers or horns stands out because it directly serves both functions in a very clear way. It allows animals to resolve territorial disputes while simultaneously signaling their suitability as a mate, making it a dual-purpose behavior essential for survival and reproduction.
