Use the References to access important values if needed for this question. A. What is the hybridization of the central atom in BF
? Hybridization = What are the approximate bond angles in this substance? Bond angles = B. What is the hybridization of the central atom in BeBr
? Hybridization = What are the approximate bond angles in this substance? Bond angles = 0 Submit Answe
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Certainly! Let’s tackle each molecule one at a time by analyzing the central atom’s bonding and geometry.
A. Molecule: BF₃ (Boron Trifluoride)
- Hybridization: sp²
- Bond angles: 120°
Explanation: Boron is the central atom and forms three single bonds with fluorine atoms. It has three regions of electron density (no lone pairs), which arrange themselves as far apart as possible, forming a trigonal planar geometry. This geometry corresponds to sp² hybridization, where one s orbital and two p orbitals mix to form three hybrid orbitals arranged 120 degrees apart. Notably, boron only has six electrons in its valence shell in this molecule, which is an exception to the octet rule. The absence of lone pairs leads to equal bond angles of approximately 120 degrees.
B. Molecule: BeBr₂ (Beryllium Dibromide)
- Hybridization: sp
- Bond angles: 180°
Explanation: Beryllium is the central atom and forms two single bonds with bromine atoms. There are only two regions of electron density around beryllium and no lone pairs. These two regions arrange linearly to minimize repulsion. This linear geometry aligns with sp hybridization, where one s orbital and one p orbital combine to form two hybrid orbitals pointing in opposite directions. The bond angle in a linear arrangement is approximately 180 degrees. Like boron, beryllium is also an exception to the octet rule, accommodating just four electrons in this molecule.
By analyzing electron domain geometry and applying VSEPR theory, we deduce the hybridization and bond angles directly from the number of electron regions around the central atom. These insights are essential in predicting molecular shapes and behaviors in chemical reactions. Let me know if you’d like to explore their Lewis structures or potential reactivity profiles
