What is the function of the organic matrix in bone?
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer:
The function of the organic matrix in bone is to provide flexibility, tensile strength, and support for mineral deposition.
Explanation:
The organic matrix of bone plays a crucial role in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the skeletal system. This matrix is primarily composed of collagen fibers, especially type I collagen, along with smaller amounts of non-collagenous proteins such as osteocalcin, osteonectin, and proteoglycans. Together, these components give bone its unique mechanical properties.
Collagen, which makes up about 90 to 95 percent of the organic matrix, is responsible for giving bone its tensile strength and flexibility. Without collagen, bones would become brittle and more susceptible to fractures from even minor forces. Collagen fibers form a meshwork that allows bone to resist stretching and twisting forces. This is important because bones are subjected to a variety of mechanical stresses in daily activities.
In addition to collagen, the organic matrix contains various proteins that play regulatory roles in bone metabolism. These proteins help in the binding of calcium and phosphate, facilitating the mineralization process. The organic matrix serves as a scaffold for the deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals, which make up the inorganic portion of the bone. This mineral phase contributes to the hardness and compressive strength of bone.
Another important function of the organic matrix is its involvement in cellular signaling. The non-collagenous proteins influence the behavior of bone-forming cells (osteoblasts) and bone-resorbing cells (osteoclasts). These interactions are essential for bone growth, remodeling, and repair.
In summary, the organic matrix in bone provides structural flexibility, tensile strength, and a framework for mineralization. It also supports the cellular environment necessary for bone maintenance and health. Without it, bones would lack resilience and fail to properly support the body.