Title: Momentum and Simple 1D Collisions PhET Lab Introduction

Title: Momentum and Simple 1D Collisions PhET Lab Introduction: When objects move, they have momentum, which is simply the product of an object’s mass (kg) and its velocity (m/s). The unit for momentum is kgm/s. During a collision, an object’s momentum can be transferred through impulse, which is the product of force (N) and time (s). The momentum impulse theorem states: MAv = FAt. Procedure: Play with the Sims Physics Motion Fun Collision Lab. Work with 10 collisions at this level. Later (AP Physics), you’ll use trigonometry to solve 20 collisions. Velocity to the right is positive, while velocity to the left is negative. Check your work in the simulation after you have completed the tables. Important Formulas: 1. Momentum: p = mv 2. Impulse: J = Ft 3. Elastic Collision: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1′ + m2*v2′ More Data: Perfectly Elastic Collisions: – To begin a collision, click on the “Start” button. – To restart a collision, click on the “Restart” button. Take some time to familiarize yourself with the simulation and perfect collisions. Play, investigate, and learn. Investigate the action of a more massive attacking object striking a less-massive target object. What happens to the more massive attacking object? What happens to the less-massive target object? Investigate the action of a less-massive attacking object striking a more massive target object. What happens to the less-massive attacking object? What happens to the more-massive target object? Complete the table below without the simulation and check your work in the simulation.

The Correct Answer and Explanation is:

The provided document appears to be a lab sheet for studying momentum and simple 1D collisions using a simulation. The goal of the lab is to explore how momentum is transferred during collisions, particularly in elastic collisions, and to use formulas to calculate and verify momentum changes in a controlled simulation. Here are some key points to consider:

Key Concepts and Formulas:

1. Momentum (p): The momentum of an object is calculated by multiplying its mass (m) by its velocity (v), so p=m⋅vp = m \cdot vp=m⋅v, where the unit for momentum is kg·m/s.
2. Impulse (J): Impulse is the product of force (F) and time (t), given by the formula J=F⋅tJ = F \cdot tJ=F⋅t.
3. Elastic Collision: In an elastic collision, both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved. The formula for momentum in an elastic collision is: m1⋅v1+m2⋅v2=m1⋅v1′+m2⋅v2′m_1 \cdot v_1 + m_2 \cdot v_2 = m_1 \cdot v_1′ + m_2 \cdot v_2’m1​⋅v1​+m2​⋅v2​=m1​⋅v1′​+m2​⋅v2′​ where:
   • m1,m2m_1, m_2m1​,m2​ are the masses of the objects,
   • v1,v2v_1, v_2v1​,v2​ are their initial velocities,
   • v1′,v2′v_1′, v_2’v1′​,v2′​ are their velocities after the collision.

Procedure for Simulation:

• You will conduct simulations of 1D collisions and complete a series of tables based on the outcomes of the collisions.
• The velocity to the right is considered positive, and to the left is negative.
• You will analyze what happens to the objects involved in different types of collisions:
  • More-massive attacking object colliding with a less-massive target object:
    • The more massive object typically moves less than the less massive object after the collision.
    • The less massive object gains more velocity due to the transfer of momentum.
  • Less-massive attacking object colliding with a more-massive target object:
    • The less massive object typically rebounds more dramatically, losing much of its velocity.
    • The more massive object moves slightly but remains slower due to its larger mass.

Completing the Table:

You will observe the outcomes in the simulation and complete a table with values for the masses, initial and final velocities, and calculated momentum before and after the collision. Afterward, you’ll compare your calculated results with the simulation’s output.

This lab should give you a better understanding of how momentum behaves in collisions and help you apply the momentum-impulse theorem practically. Let me know if you need any specific help with the calculations or further clarification!