The process of assembling a protein from RNA is called

The process of assembling a protein from RNA is called
it occurs in the…

1. When messenger RNA (mRNA) is being made the RNA base always pairs with which DNA base,
2. Which organelle is involved in translation?
3. What is the product of transcription?
4. To what part of the cell do the products of transcription travel?

The correct answer and explanation is :

1. The process of assembling a protein from RNA is called translation, and it occurs in the ribosome.
2. When messenger RNA (mRNA) is being made, the RNA base always pairs with which DNA base?

• In the process of transcription, the RNA base uracil (U) pairs with adenine (A) on the DNA, and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). This base pairing ensures that the RNA is a complementary copy of the DNA strand.

1. Which organelle is involved in translation?

• The organelle responsible for translation is the ribosome. Ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. They read the mRNA sequence and assemble amino acids into polypeptides, which eventually fold into functional proteins.

1. What is the product of transcription?

• The product of transcription is messenger RNA (mRNA). During transcription, an enzyme called RNA polymerase synthesizes a strand of mRNA using a DNA template. The mRNA serves as a blueprint that carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes, where protein synthesis occurs.

1. To what part of the cell do the products of transcription travel?

• The mRNA, which is the product of transcription, travels from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, specifically to the ribosomes. Once in the cytoplasm, mRNA interacts with ribosomes and transfer RNA (tRNA) to direct the assembly of proteins through the process of translation.

Explanation:

The process of protein synthesis involves two main stages: transcription and translation. Transcription occurs in the nucleus where a segment of DNA is used to synthesize a complementary strand of mRNA. This mRNA is essentially a copy of the gene’s code that will instruct the ribosome on how to assemble the corresponding protein.

Once transcription is complete, the mRNA exits the nucleus through nuclear pores and enters the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the ribosome reads the sequence of mRNA in sets of three bases, known as codons. Each codon specifies a particular amino acid. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the corresponding amino acids to the ribosome, where they are linked together in a specific sequence to form a polypeptide chain, which eventually folds into a functional protein. This entire process is known as translation. Thus, the ribosome is the crucial organelle where mRNA is translated into a protein.