The nurse is reviewing a client’s medical record for risk factors related to the de following would the nurse correlate as a risk factor A. A decreased body mass index of 15 B. A blood pressure reading of 148/92 mm Hg C. Running a marathon six times a year D. Increased emotional stress due to the recent death of a parent
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is D. Increased emotional stress due to the recent death of a parent.
Explanation:
When assessing risk factors in a client’s medical record, it is important to identify conditions or situations that can negatively impact the client’s health. Increased emotional stress, such as that caused by the recent death of a parent, is a significant risk factor for many health problems. Stress triggers a range of physiological responses including the release of stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline. Prolonged or intense stress can weaken the immune system, increase blood pressure, and contribute to mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression. Stress also raises the risk of cardiovascular disease, affects sleep quality, and may lead to unhealthy coping behaviors like poor diet, smoking, or alcohol use.
Option A, a decreased body mass index (BMI) of 15, indicates severe underweight and can be concerning in some contexts. However, while a BMI of 15 does indicate malnutrition and associated risks, it is less likely to be a general risk factor unless the nurse is focusing specifically on nutritional status or related complications.
Option B, a blood pressure reading of 148/92 mm Hg, indicates hypertension, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, in this question, the emphasis is on general risk factors and emotional stress is a broader risk impacting multiple body systems.
Option C, running a marathon six times a year, generally represents a high level of physical fitness. While excessive or intense exercise without proper rest can sometimes cause stress on the body, regular marathon running is usually a positive health behavior rather than a risk factor.
In summary, increased emotional stress due to a significant life event like the death of a parent is a critical risk factor that affects both mental and physical health and can influence the client’s overall well-being. It is important for the nurse to recognize and address stress as part of holistic care and risk management.