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The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Based on the provided diagram of a plant cell, here are the identifications for each labeled part:
- A: Cytoplasm
- B: Cell Wall
- C: Nucleus
- D: Cell Membrane
- E: Mitochondrion
- F: Ribosome
- G: Central Vacuole
- H: Chloroplast
- I: Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J: Golgi Apparatus
Explanation
This image displays a detailed model of a plant cell, highlighting its various specialized organelles. The outermost layer, labeled B, is the cell wall. This rigid structure, composed primarily of cellulose, provides structural support and protection to the cell. Just inside the cell wall is D, the cell membrane, a semipermeable barrier that regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
The interior of the cell is filled with A, the cytoplasm, a jelly-like substance that suspends all the organelles. Within the cytoplasm are tiny dots, such as the one indicated by F, which represent ribosomes. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis.
The large, prominent organelle labeled C is the nucleus, which serves as the cell’s control center by storing its genetic material (DNA). The nucleus directs all cellular activities. Connected to the nucleus is I, the endoplasmic reticulum, a network of membranes involved in synthesizing and transporting proteins and lipids. Nearby, J points to the Golgi apparatus, which modifies, sorts, and packages these molecules for transport to other locations.
Plant cells are unique in their ability to perform photosynthesis, which occurs in the green, oval-shaped organelles labeled H, the chloroplasts. These organelles capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy. For cellular energy, the cell relies on E, the mitochondrion. This organelle performs cellular respiration, breaking down glucose to produce ATP, the main energy currency of the cell. Finally, G indicates the large central vacuole. This sac stores water, nutrients, and waste products. It also exerts turgor pressure against the cell wall, which is essential for maintaining the plant’s structural integrity.
