Newborn assessment during skin-to-skin contact consists of: A. Crying, opening of eyes, temperature , heart rate B. Respiratory effort, activity , position of head and neck, color C. Respiratory effort , opening of eyes, color , heart rate D. Respiratory effort , crying , color , temperature
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer: B. Respiratory effort, activity, position of head and neck, color
Explanation:
Newborn assessment during skin-to-skin contact is a vital process that ensures the infant is adapting well to life outside the womb. This immediate contact supports thermoregulation, bonding, and breastfeeding. However, while this contact is ongoing, healthcare providers must continue to observe specific parameters to ensure the baby’s safety and physiological stability.
The most appropriate indicators to assess during this time include respiratory effort, activity level, position of the head and neck, and color.
- Respiratory effort: This is essential to confirm that the newborn is breathing effectively. Signs like nasal flaring, grunting, or chest retractions might suggest respiratory distress. Healthy babies show regular, unlabored breathing with spontaneous respiratory movements.
- Activity: The infant’s movements and muscle tone reflect neurological function and general well-being. A responsive and active baby is a good sign that the newborn is adjusting properly.
- Position of the head and neck: Proper positioning is critical during skin-to-skin contact to maintain an open airway. The head should be slightly extended to prevent airway obstruction, especially since newborns have naturally soft airways that can collapse with improper neck flexion.
- Color: Skin color is a visual indicator of oxygenation. A pink hue suggests good perfusion and oxygen levels. Central cyanosis (a bluish tinge in the chest, lips, or tongue) could indicate poor oxygenation and requires immediate attention.
The other answer choices mix less appropriate or secondary signs such as crying or eye opening, which are not central to assessing cardiorespiratory stability. The goal of the skin-to-skin period is to ensure the baby remains warm, well-oxygenated, and neurologically responsive, making the signs in option B the most clinically relevant.