In Japan’s 250 years in isolation, which of the following was a result?
A High education level
B Capital accumulation in the hands of some wealthy daimyos
C Improved agricultural production
D Infrastructure was significantly improved
E All of the above
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is E. All of the above.
During Japan’s 250 years of isolation (from the early 17th century to the mid-19th century), known as the Edo period, several significant developments occurred despite the country’s self-imposed seclusion from the rest of the world. This period allowed Japan to maintain internal stability and develop in certain areas.
- High Education Level: The Edo period saw the establishment of schools and a growing literacy rate. Education, particularly in the form of Confucianism, was promoted by the ruling Tokugawa shogunate. By the mid-18th century, a growing number of people, including peasants and merchants, had access to education, leading to a rise in literacy rates. This contributed to the development of a knowledgeable and skilled society.
- Capital Accumulation in the Hands of Some Wealthy Daimyos: During the Edo period, Japan’s economy was relatively stable and grew, particularly in the hands of a few wealthy samurai lords (daimyos). The shogunate regulated and controlled trade, which allowed wealthy families to accumulate capital. Some daimyos invested in infrastructure, like roads and irrigation, which helped foster economic growth. However, the wealth was unevenly distributed, with some daimyos growing much wealthier than others.
- Improved Agricultural Production: With the emphasis on agriculture, particularly rice cultivation, there were improvements in farming techniques during the Edo period. New methods, tools, and irrigation systems were introduced, leading to higher agricultural yields. This increase in production helped support Japan’s population, contributing to population growth during the period.
- Infrastructure Improvement: Infrastructure was significantly improved, especially in the form of roads and transportation networks. The Tokugawa shogunate built an extensive network of roads, known as the “Five Routes,” connecting various regions of Japan. This enabled better communication, trade, and movement within the country. Castles and other forms of public infrastructure were also constructed during this time.
In conclusion, the period of isolation allowed Japan to develop in various aspects such as education, wealth, agriculture, and infrastructure. While these advances were not universally experienced across all levels of society, they laid the foundation for Japan’s later modernization when it opened up to the world in the 19th century.