For conciseness, Haml relies on
a. angle brackets
b. indentation
c. order
d. parentheses to reveal HTML element nesting
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer: b. indentation
Haml (HTML Abstraction Markup Language) is a templating engine used primarily in Ruby on Rails to simplify the writing of HTML. It achieves conciseness and readability by eliminating unnecessary syntax like closing tags and angle brackets. The primary way Haml reveals HTML element nesting is through indentation, not angle brackets or parentheses.
In traditional HTML, elements are enclosed in opening and closing tags, and nesting is visually managed by placing child elements within parent elements using indentations for human readability. However, HTML does not require indentation to work, and browsers rely solely on the tag structure.
In contrast, Haml makes indentation essential to determine the hierarchy of elements. This is similar to how Python uses indentation for code blocks. Each level of indentation in Haml represents a nested HTML element. If one line is indented more than the previous, it is treated as a child of the element defined on the previous line.
Here is a quick comparison:
HTML Example:
<div>
<p>Hello World</p>
</div>
Haml Equivalent:
%div
%p Hello World
The Haml version uses indentation to show that the <p> tag is nested inside the <div> tag. There are no angle brackets or closing tags, and parentheses are only used when adding attributes to elements, not for structure.
This design makes Haml faster to write, easier to read, and less error-prone. However, it requires consistent indentation using spaces (not tabs). Improper indentation will result in errors or incorrect HTML output.
In summary, Haml uses indentation to determine and display the nesting of HTML elements, making the code cleaner and more maintainable.