Comorbidity with Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder may involve challenges in:
A Reading comprehension
B Mathematical reasoning
C Social communication
D Fine motor skills
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer: C. Social communication
Explanation (300 words):
Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD), commonly referred to as stuttering, is a communication disorder characterized by disruptions in the normal flow of speech. These disruptions may include repetitions of sounds or syllables, prolongations, or blocks in speech. The condition typically begins in early childhood and may significantly interfere with a child’s ability to communicate effectively.
One of the most commonly associated comorbidities with COFD is Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder or broader social communication difficulties. This is because children with COFD may experience anxiety, embarrassment, or frustration when speaking, which can lead to avoidance of speaking situations, reduced participation in social interactions, and challenges in forming peer relationships.
These social challenges are not due to a lack of understanding of social rules but arise as a consequence of the speech disorder, which hinders their ability to engage fluidly in conversation. Over time, this may affect their ability to use language appropriately in social contexts, such as knowing when to take turns in conversation, understanding figurative language, or adjusting communication based on the listener.
While children with COFD may also experience academic difficulties, such as problems in reading or math, these are not as directly or consistently linked to the disorder. For example, reading comprehension and mathematical reasoning (Choices A and B) might be affected indirectly through reduced classroom participation or low self-esteem, but they are not primary comorbid concerns.
Likewise, fine motor skills (Choice D) are more typically associated with developmental coordination disorder or other neurodevelopmental conditions and are not characteristically impaired in COFD.
In conclusion, the most relevant comorbidity for Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder is difficulty in social communication, which can further affect a child’s social development, emotional well-being, and academic participation. Early intervention can help mitigate these challenges.