Bacteria cause a number of different diseases in humans, including strep throat, tuberculosis and cholera?
a. TRUE
b. FALSE
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer: a. TRUE
Bacteria are microscopic single-celled organisms that can be found almost everywhere on Earth. While many bacteria are harmless or even beneficial to humans, certain types can cause disease. The statement that bacteria cause a number of different diseases in humans, including strep throat, tuberculosis, and cholera, is true.
Strep throat is caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, a bacterium that infects the throat and tonsils. Symptoms typically include sore throat, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. This infection spreads through respiratory droplets and is common in school-aged children. If not treated, it can lead to complications such as rheumatic fever or kidney inflammation.
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other parts of the body. TB is airborne and spreads when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It is a major public health concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries. TB can be latent, where the person carries the bacteria without symptoms, or active, which requires medical treatment.
Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae, a bacterium that infects the intestines. It is typically spread through contaminated food or water. Cholera causes severe diarrhea and dehydration, which can lead to death if not treated promptly with rehydration therapy. The disease is more prevalent in areas with inadequate sanitation and limited access to clean water.
These examples demonstrate that bacteria are responsible for a variety of human diseases. Understanding bacterial infections has led to the development of antibiotics and vaccines, which have significantly reduced the impact of many bacterial illnesses. However, antibiotic resistance and poor access to medical care continue to challenge the global effort to control bacterial diseases.