Anaphylaxis is treated with A. Epinephrine B. Insulin C. Amoxicillin
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer: A. Epinephrine
Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapid-onset allergic reaction that can become life-threatening if not treated immediately. It occurs when the immune system overreacts to an allergen such as food, insect venom, medication, or latex. The reaction causes the release of large amounts of histamines and other chemicals, leading to swelling, a drop in blood pressure, difficulty breathing, and even cardiac arrest.
The most effective and immediate treatment for anaphylaxis is epinephrine, also known as adrenaline. Epinephrine acts quickly by constricting blood vessels, which helps to raise blood pressure that may have dropped dangerously low. It also relaxes the muscles in the airways, reducing wheezing and improving breathing. Additionally, epinephrine decreases swelling and reverses hives and other symptoms associated with the allergic reaction. It works within minutes, which is critical because delays in treatment can lead to death.
Epinephrine is typically administered via an auto-injector device, such as an EpiPen, which can be used by patients themselves or by bystanders. People who are known to have severe allergies are often advised to carry an auto-injector with them at all times.
Insulin, listed as option B, is used to manage blood sugar levels in diabetic patients and has no role in the treatment of allergic reactions. Amoxicillin, listed as option C, is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections and, in fact, could potentially trigger an allergic reaction in some individuals rather than treat one.
In conclusion, prompt administration of epinephrine is the cornerstone of anaphylaxis management. After using epinephrine, patients should still seek emergency medical care, as symptoms can return or worsen once the initial effects wear off.