An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction does what?
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer:
Increases genetic diversity in a population.
Explanation:
Sexual reproduction offers a key advantage over asexual reproduction because it promotes genetic variation among offspring. In sexual reproduction, two parent organisms each contribute half of their genetic material to create a new individual. This combination results in offspring that are genetically different from both parents and from each other.
During the process of meiosis, which produces gametes (sperm and egg cells), genetic material is shuffled through a mechanism called recombination or crossing over. This reshuffling, along with the random assortment of chromosomes, ensures that each gamete contains a unique set of genes. When gametes from two different individuals combine during fertilization, the resulting zygote contains a new genetic makeup.
This genetic variation is extremely important for the survival and evolution of a species. In a changing environment, individuals with diverse genetic traits are more likely to have some traits that are beneficial for survival. These beneficial traits can help individuals resist diseases, adapt to new climates, or find food more efficiently. As a result, sexual reproduction increases the chances that at least some members of a population will survive under new or challenging conditions.
In contrast, asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. This can be efficient in stable environments where the parent’s traits are well-suited to the surroundings. However, it also means that the population is more vulnerable to diseases, environmental changes, or predators, because all individuals share the same weaknesses.
In summary, the main advantage of sexual reproduction is the increased genetic diversity it introduces into a population. This diversity enhances the adaptability and resilience of species in the face of environmental pressures, ensuring better long-term survival.