After the switch is closed, what is the maximum current that flows through it?
The correct answer and explanation is:
To provide the correct answer for “What is the maximum current that flows through the switch after it is closed?”, I need details about the circuit—such as voltage, resistance, and whether there’s an inductor or capacitor present. Since these are not provided, I’ll explain how to find the maximum current in different scenarios and principles involved.
✅ General Answer:
The maximum current that flows through a switch immediately after it is closed is determined by Ohm’s Law, which states: I=VRI = \frac{V}{R}
Where:
- II = current (amperes)
- VV = voltage across the resistor (volts)
- RR = total resistance in the circuit (ohms)
So, if the voltage is 12V and resistance is 4Ω, the maximum current is: I=12 V4 Ω=3 AI = \frac{12\text{ V}}{4\text{ Ω}} = 3\text{ A}
🔋 DC Circuits (No Inductor or Capacitor):
In a simple resistive circuit, the moment the switch is closed, the current reaches its maximum value immediately since there is no delay in the flow of charge.
🌀 DC Circuit with an Inductor:
If an inductor is in the circuit, current doesn’t immediately reach maximum because the inductor resists changes in current. Over time, it gradually increases and approaches a maximum of: Imax=VRI_{max} = \frac{V}{R}
But immediately after closing the switch, current is zero due to the inductor’s initial opposition.
⚡ AC Circuits:
For alternating current (AC), the maximum current depends on the peak voltage and the impedance of the circuit: Imax=VpeakZI_{max} = \frac{V_{peak}}{Z}
Where ZZ is the total impedance, which includes resistance and reactance.
🧠 Summary:
To determine the maximum current, you need:
- Voltage source value
- Resistance or impedance
- Type of components (resistors, inductors, capacitors)