A client is diagnosed with osteoporosis. the lpn recognizes which as the major risk factor for osteoporosis
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer:
Postmenopausal status in women
Explanation (Approximately 300 words):
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder characterized by decreased bone density and increased risk of fractures. Among various risk factors, postmenopausal status in women is recognized as the major risk factor for osteoporosis. This condition primarily affects women after menopause due to the significant drop in estrogen levels, a hormone crucial for maintaining bone density.
Estrogen plays a protective role in bone health by inhibiting bone resorption (breakdown) by osteoclasts. When estrogen levels decrease after menopause, there is an acceleration in bone loss because the balance shifts in favor of bone resorption over bone formation. This rapid bone loss in the first 5–10 years after menopause significantly increases the risk for osteoporosis and related fractures, particularly in the spine, hip, and wrist.
Other risk factors—such as a sedentary lifestyle, smoking, low calcium/vitamin D intake, and certain medications (like corticosteroids)—can contribute to osteoporosis, but they are considered secondary compared to the hormonal changes that occur in postmenopausal women.
The Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) plays a key role in identifying at-risk clients, especially women over the age of 50. LPNs should assess for signs of bone loss, educate about lifestyle modifications (e.g., weight-bearing exercise, proper nutrition, smoking cessation), and reinforce the importance of bone density screenings (DEXA scans) as recommended.
In addition, the LPN should support the client’s adherence to prescribed medications like bisphosphonates, calcium supplements, and vitamin D. Early recognition and management can help prevent complications such as fractures, loss of mobility, and reduced quality of life.
In summary, while many factors contribute to osteoporosis, postmenopausal status in women remains the most significant, making timely assessment and preventive care vital.