A branch of science that deals with cell formation, structure, and function is called
• histology
• anatomy
• cytology
• embryology
• physiology
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is cytology.
Cytology is the branch of science that focuses on the study of cells, including their formation, structure, and function. Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms. Cytology examines how cells develop, how they are organized internally, and how they interact with their environment and other cells.
Histology is related but distinct; it studies tissues, which are groups of cells working together to perform specific functions. Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body and its parts at a larger scale than cells or tissues. Embryology studies the development of an organism from the fertilized egg to the fetus stage, focusing on early growth and formation of tissues and organs. Physiology is the science of how living organisms function, covering processes at the level of organs, systems, and cells, but it is not specifically focused on cell structure.
Cytology uses various techniques, such as microscopy and staining, to observe cells and understand their components like the nucleus, cytoplasm, and organelles. It plays a crucial role in medical diagnosis, especially in detecting diseases like cancer through the examination of cell samples. Understanding cell structure helps clarify how cells perform vital activities such as energy production, reproduction, and response to stimuli. By studying cells, scientists gain insight into how tissues and organs operate and maintain health. Cytology bridges molecular biology and anatomy by explaining how microscopic cellular details translate into larger biological functions.