A _ is a computer program that appears to have a useful function, but also has a hidden and potentially malicious function that evades security mechanisms
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer: Trojan horse
A Trojan horse is a type of malicious software (malware) that disguises itself as a legitimate or useful program to deceive users into installing it. While it may appear to perform a beneficial or benign function, it secretly executes harmful actions in the background without the user’s knowledge. The name “Trojan horse” comes from the ancient Greek myth in which Greek soldiers hid inside a wooden horse to gain entry into the city of Troy, paralleling how Trojan malware hides its true intent.
How It Works:
When a user downloads or installs a Trojan horse, they often believe it’s a legitimate file — such as a software update, a game, or a document. Once executed, the Trojan may:
- Install other types of malware (like spyware or ransomware)
- Create a backdoor for hackers to access the system remotely
- Steal sensitive data such as passwords or banking details
- Corrupt or delete files
- Monitor user activities via keystroke logging or screen capture
Why It’s Dangerous:
Trojan horses are especially dangerous because they rely on social engineering — tricking users into voluntarily installing them. Unlike viruses or worms, Trojans do not replicate themselves but are instead manually executed by unsuspecting users.
They often evade security mechanisms by:
- Embedding within trusted files
- Exploiting software vulnerabilities
- Disabling antivirus software once installed
Prevention:
To avoid Trojan horses, users should:
- Avoid downloading files or clicking links from unknown sources
- Keep antivirus software and operating systems up to date
- Use firewalls and intrusion detection systems
- Verify the source and integrity of downloaded applications
In summary, a Trojan horse is a deceptive and dangerous program that tricks users by pretending to be useful while carrying hidden malicious actions, posing a serious threat to computer security.