What is part of human digestive system?
The correct answer and explanation is :
Correct Answer:
The human digestive system includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine (colon), rectum, and anus. Accessory organs involved are the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.
Explanation (300 words):
The human digestive system is a complex network of organs that work together to break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste. It begins with the mouth, where mechanical digestion occurs through chewing, and chemical digestion begins with enzymes in saliva. Food then travels down the esophagus, a muscular tube that uses peristalsis (wave-like muscle contractions) to move food to the stomach.
In the stomach, food is mixed with gastric juices, including hydrochloric acid and enzymes like pepsin, which help break down proteins. The stomach churns the food into a semi-liquid mixture called chyme. This chyme slowly enters the small intestine, where the majority of digestion and nutrient absorption takes place. The small intestine is made up of three sections: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
Several accessory organs play key roles in digestion without being part of the main digestive tract. The liver produces bile, which helps digest fats. The gallbladder stores this bile and releases it into the small intestine when needed. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid, allowing enzymes to function effectively in the small intestine.
Once nutrients are absorbed, the remaining indigestible substances move into the large intestine. Here, water and electrolytes are absorbed, and gut bacteria help break down some undigested materials. The final waste product is compacted into feces and passed to the rectum, then expelled through the anus.
This entire process ensures that the body receives the energy and nutrients needed for survival while efficiently disposing of waste. Each organ in the digestive system has a specific, crucial role that supports overall health and function.