Energy balance is achieved when energy intake is equal to energy expended. True False
The correct answer and explanation is:
True.
Energy balance refers to the state in which the energy intake from food and drinks equals the energy expended by the body through various metabolic processes and physical activities. The concept of energy balance is essential for maintaining body weight. When energy intake matches energy expenditure, body weight remains stable.
Energy intake comes primarily from the food consumed, including carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, while energy expenditure includes the basal metabolic rate (BMR), physical activity, and thermic effect of food (TEF), which is the energy required for digestion and processing of food. If a person consumes more energy than they burn, the excess energy is stored in the body, often as fat, leading to weight gain. Conversely, if a person burns more energy than they consume, the body starts using stored fat for energy, resulting in weight loss.
The body’s energy expenditure is not constant and can vary based on factors such as physical activity levels, age, sex, and even genetic factors. For example, someone who exercises regularly will have higher energy expenditure than someone who is sedentary. Additionally, metabolic adaptation can occur, meaning that the body may adjust its energy expenditure in response to changes in diet or activity level.
Energy balance is not only important for weight management but also for overall health. An imbalance, especially prolonged or extreme forms of imbalance, can lead to conditions like obesity, undernutrition, or metabolic diseases. Achieving a healthy energy balance is therefore critical for maintaining not only an appropriate body weight but also optimal health.