The most common type of oral contraceptive is the
A minipill.
B combination pill.
C sequential pill.
D postcoital pill.
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is B: combination pill.
The combination pill is the most common type of oral contraceptive. It contains two hormones: estrogen and progestin. These hormones work together to prevent pregnancy in several ways. First, the hormones stop the ovaries from releasing eggs. Without egg release, fertilization cannot occur. Second, the pill thickens the cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg. Third, it also thins the lining of the uterus, reducing the chances of implantation if an egg is fertilized.
Combination pills come in various formulations, with different doses of estrogen and progestin. The pill is typically taken for 21 days, followed by a 7-day break during which a woman will experience a withdrawal bleed similar to a period. There are also “extended-cycle” pills, where the woman takes active pills for a longer period, such as 84 days, with only four periods per year.
Combination pills are highly effective when used correctly, with a failure rate of less than 1% in typical use. However, their effectiveness can be reduced if the pill is missed or taken incorrectly. Other factors, such as certain medications and health conditions, can also affect the pill’s effectiveness.
This method is preferred by many women due to its convenience and the fact that it also helps regulate menstrual cycles, reduce menstrual cramps, and improve acne. However, it is not suitable for women who smoke and are over 35, due to the increased risk of blood clots. In such cases, other contraceptive options like the minipill, which contains only progestin, may be recommended.
The combination pill is the most commonly used because it is effective, relatively easy to use, and provides several additional health benefits.