Draw the structure of 5-iodo-2-methoxyhexane. Select Draw Rings
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Here is the correct structure for 5-iodo-2-methoxyhexane:
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CH3-CH(OCH3)-CH2-CH2-CH-CH3
A skeletal structure is also correct and often preferred in organic chemistry drawing software:
Explanation
To draw the structure of 5-iodo-2-methoxyhexane, we can systematically deconstruct its IUPAC name. The name provides three key pieces of information: the parent chain, the substituents, and their specific locations on the chain.
- Identify the Parent Chain: The end of the name, “hexane,” tells us the main carbon backbone of the molecule. The prefix “hex-” indicates a chain of six carbon atoms, and the suffix “-ane” signifies that all the carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds, making it a saturated alkane. The first step is to draw this six-carbon chain. In a skeletal structure, this is represented by a zig-zag line with six points (four vertices and two ends), where each point represents a carbon atom.
- Identify the Substituents: The prefixes “5-iodo-” and “2-methoxy-” describe the groups attached to the hexane chain.
- “iodo” refers to an iodine atom (I) that replaces a hydrogen atom on the parent chain.
- “methoxy” refers to a methoxy group, which has the formula –OCH₃. This is an ether functional group where a methyl group (–CH₃) is bonded to an oxygen atom, which in turn connects to the main hexane chain.
- Place the Substituents: The numbers in the name, “5-” and “2-“, are called locants. They specify the exact carbon atom on the parent chain to which each substituent is attached. To place them correctly, we must first number the six-carbon chain from one end to the other, for example, from left to right as carbon 1 through carbon 6.
- “2-methoxy” means the methoxy group (–OCH₃) is attached to the second carbon atom (C2).
- “5-iodo” means the iodine atom (I) is attached to the fifth carbon atom (C5).
By combining these steps, we draw the six-carbon hexane backbone, number it, attach the –OCH₃ group to C2, and attach the I atom to C5. The remaining bonds on each carbon atom are assumed to be filled with hydrogen atoms to ensure each carbon has a total of four bonds. The resulting molecule is 5-iodo-2-methoxyhexane.
