According to Goffman, how does impression management influence your presentation of self? a.) You present yourself in the same way in every situation. b.) You present yourself based on your internal value system. c.) You present yourself based on the role that you are placed in. d.) You present yourself based on how you want others to perceive you.
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is d.) You present yourself based on how you want others to perceive you.
Erving Goffman, in his work on the presentation of self in everyday life, describes the concept of impression management as the process by which individuals attempt to control the perceptions others have of them. Goffman suggests that social interactions can be understood as performances, where individuals play specific roles depending on the context and audience.
In his analysis, Goffman uses the metaphor of a stage play, where a person is the actor performing for an audience. In each social situation, the individual presents a version of themselves that aligns with how they want others to view them. This could involve adjusting one’s behavior, appearance, and even speech patterns based on the expectations of the audience in the specific setting.
Impression management is influenced by the roles individuals are placed in, but more importantly, it is about managing how others perceive you in that role. For example, when meeting new people, one might present a version of themselves that seems more competent, friendly, or confident than they might feel in reality. This performance is tailored to fit the situation and the desired outcome—whether it be gaining approval, establishing credibility, or fitting in with the group.
This concept contrasts with other approaches like those that focus purely on an internal value system, which would imply that individuals present themselves consistently across all situations. Goffman’s theory highlights the fluidity of self-presentation and underscores that individuals are constantly performing, managing their “front” to suit the social setting.