There are usually two different types of fire extinguishers: CO 2 based extinguishers and foam based extinguishers. You should never use a CO 2 based extinguisher on a person. Do you know the reason why?
The correct answer and explanation is:
CO2-based fire extinguishers should never be used on a person because of the risk of suffocation and the potential for cold burns.
CO2 extinguishers work by displacing oxygen in the area of the fire, which is effective at suppressing flames. However, when directed at a person, the rapid release of carbon dioxide can displace the oxygen around the person, leading to a suffocation hazard. Carbon dioxide is heavier than oxygen and can accumulate in the immediate vicinity of the person, potentially reducing the amount of breathable air. If someone is exposed to CO2 for a prolonged period, they may experience dizziness, shortness of breath, and even loss of consciousness, as the oxygen levels decrease.
Additionally, CO2 is stored in the extinguisher at a very low temperature. When released, it expands rapidly, which causes a significant cooling effect. The nozzle of the CO2 extinguisher and the gas itself can reach temperatures well below freezing, potentially causing frostbite or cold burns on the skin if it comes in direct contact. This is particularly dangerous if the extinguisher is used near or on a person.
In contrast, foam-based extinguishers are designed to suppress fires by forming a blanket over the flames, cutting off the supply of oxygen. Foam does not pose the same risks to a person because it does not displace oxygen or create extreme temperatures. It is generally safe to use on individuals, provided they are not too close to the fire.
For fire safety, CO2 extinguishers are best suited for electrical fires or small flammable liquid fires where there is minimal risk of human exposure. Foam extinguishers are better for situations involving personal risk, as they suppress fires without the dangers posed by CO2.