Is Magnesium a solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature?
The correct answer and explanation is:
Magnesium is a solid at room temperature.
Magnesium is an alkaline earth metal found in the second column of the periodic table. Its physical properties are typical of metals in this group. Magnesium has a melting point of 650°C, which is much higher than room temperature (around 20–25°C), meaning it remains solid under standard conditions. The solid form of magnesium is a shiny, silvery-white metal that is lightweight and relatively strong.
The solid nature of magnesium can be attributed to its atomic structure and the metallic bonding present in its crystals. In magnesium, each atom shares its outer electrons with neighboring atoms, creating a “sea of electrons” that holds the atoms together in a structured lattice. This bonding gives magnesium its solid form and accounts for its relatively high melting point compared to other metals in the same group, such as beryllium.
Magnesium is also known for being highly reactive, especially when it is heated or in fine powdered form. When exposed to air, magnesium forms a thin oxide layer on its surface, which helps protect it from further oxidation. In terms of its uses, magnesium is widely used in alloys due to its light weight and strength. It is also essential in the production of materials such as aircraft components and automotive parts, where lightweight properties are highly valued.
Additionally, magnesium plays a critical role in biological systems, including human metabolism. It is a key cofactor in many enzymatic reactions and is involved in processes such as muscle function and the production of energy. However, in its elemental form, magnesium remains solid under normal conditions.