Which epithelial type is highlighted? Stratified columnar epithelium Transitional epithelium Stratified cuboidal epithelium Stratified squamous epithelium Submit BetLEASLen
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is Stratified Squamous Epithelium.
Stratified squamous epithelium consists of multiple layers of cells, with the topmost layers being flat and scale-like in appearance. This type of epithelium is designed to protect underlying tissues in areas subject to significant mechanical stress and abrasion. It is commonly found in regions such as the skin, oral cavity, esophagus, and vagina, where protection from physical wear and tear is essential.
The primary function of stratified squamous epithelium is to provide a barrier against physical injury, pathogens, and water loss. The layers of cells create a tough, protective shield. The basal layers of this epithelium are composed of cuboidal or columnar cells that actively divide to replace the more superficial cells that are constantly shed and exfoliated. The outermost layers consist of dead, flattened cells filled with keratin (in keratinized epithelium) or remain alive and non-keratinized (in non-keratinized epithelium).
In areas such as the skin, the keratinized form of stratified squamous epithelium helps prevent dehydration and protects against environmental factors like UV radiation and pathogens. In contrast, in non-keratinized regions like the mouth and esophagus, the cells remain moist and continue to function as a barrier without the need for keratin.
Key characteristics of stratified squamous epithelium:
- Multiple layers of cells
- Flattened, scale-like cells at the surface
- Protective function against abrasion and drying out
- Can be keratinized or non-keratinized depending on the location
This type of epithelium is crucial for maintaining the integrity of organs that are subjected to mechanical stress and potential injury.
