How many atoms are present in a molecule of water?
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer:
There are three atoms in a molecule of water.
Explanation:
A molecule of water is represented by the chemical formula H₂O. This formula indicates that each water molecule consists of two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom. When these atoms bond together, they form a single, stable molecule. Therefore, the total number of atoms in one water molecule is:
2 hydrogen atoms + 1 oxygen atom = 3 atoms
Water is a simple yet essential compound in chemistry and biology. Its molecular structure is responsible for many of its unique physical and chemical properties. The hydrogen atoms in H₂O are bonded to the oxygen atom through covalent bonds, meaning that the atoms share electrons to achieve stability. The arrangement of atoms in the water molecule is bent, not linear, with an angle of approximately 104.5 degrees between the hydrogen atoms. This bent shape and the difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen give the water molecule a polar nature, meaning it has a partial positive charge on the hydrogen side and a partial negative charge on the oxygen side.
This polarity allows water to dissolve many substances, earning it the nickname “universal solvent.” In biological systems, the three atoms in water play a vital role in processes such as temperature regulation, nutrient transport, and chemical reactions. Additionally, the hydrogen bonding between water molecules contributes to its high boiling point and surface tension.
In summary, a single water molecule is composed of three atoms: two hydrogens and one oxygen. Despite its simple composition, this three-atom structure gives rise to some of the most critical functions in nature and science.