Data that is words only and cannot be ranked [Choose] Data that can be ranked [Choose] Data where the difference between data values has meaning but there is no [Choose] defined starting point Data where there is a defined starting [Choose] point or zero and the ratios of data values has meaning Data is collected from every member of the population Census Data is collected from a subset of the Sample population
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Here is the correct matching of the descriptions:
- Data that is words only and cannot be ranked → Nominal Data
- Data that can be ranked → Ordinal Data
- Data where the difference between data values has meaning but there is no defined starting point → Interval Data
- Data where there is a defined starting point or zero and the ratios of data values has meaning → Ratio Data
- Data is collected from every member of the population → Census
- Data is collected from a subset of the population → Sample
Explanation
Data in statistics is classified based on its characteristics and level of measurement. There are four main levels:
- Nominal Data consists of categories or names that do not have any specific order. For example, colors like red, blue, and green or types of animals such as cats and dogs. These labels cannot be ranked or compared quantitatively.
- Ordinal Data involves categories that can be ranked or ordered, but the difference between the ranks is not measurable. Examples include satisfaction levels such as satisfied, neutral, and dissatisfied or education levels like high school, undergraduate, and postgraduate.
- Interval Data contains values where the difference between them has meaning, but there is no true zero point. Temperature in Celsius or Fahrenheit is a common example. You can measure the difference between temperatures, but zero does not mean the absence of temperature.
- Ratio Data is the highest level of measurement where both differences and ratios are meaningful. There is a true zero point. Examples include height, weight, age, and income. For instance, if one person earns twice as much as another, that ratio has meaning, and zero represents none of the quantity.
In terms of data collection:
- A Census gathers information from every member of the population, providing complete data.
- A Sample collects information from a portion of the population, which is often used to make estimates or predictions about the entire group without the time and cost of a full census.
