According to Johnson (2007), non-interference, choice, respect and responsibility were attributes shared by both First Nations and Europeans.
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is False.
According to Johnson (2007), while both First Nations and Europeans had structured societies with values and norms, the attributes of non-interference, choice, respect, and responsibility were emphasized more distinctly within traditional First Nations cultures. These values were fundamental to Indigenous worldviews and were reflected in how they governed social interactions, parenting, leadership, and decision-making processes.
Non-interference refers to a deeply rooted principle in many First Nations communities that emphasizes allowing individuals to make their own decisions without coercion. This value supports autonomy and respects personal choice, even from a young age. In contrast, European colonial traditions often imposed hierarchical systems and rules that encouraged obedience and control, particularly in educational and governance contexts.
The concept of choice within Indigenous traditions recognizes that individuals learn through observation and experience rather than through forced instruction. This differs from the European emphasis on structured education and direct teaching. Respect, in Indigenous contexts, goes beyond politeness and includes a recognition of the interconnectedness of all living things, a belief not typically shared in the same way by European settlers.
Responsibility in Indigenous cultures is often collective and tied to community well-being, land stewardship, and intergenerational duties. European traditions have tended to emphasize individual responsibility, often disconnected from community or environmental considerations.
Johnson (2007) argues that the imposition of European values during colonization created cultural conflicts because these foundational principles were not shared. The values of non-interference, respect, and collective responsibility were misunderstood or dismissed by colonial authorities, contributing to the marginalization of Indigenous perspectives.
In conclusion, while Europeans and First Nations each had their own value systems, the specific attributes of non-interference, choice, respect, and responsibility were more central to Indigenous traditions than to European colonial frameworks. Therefore, the statement is false.