Knowing that Lloyd is suffering from bipolar disorder and currently is undergoing treatment, Joan assumes that he will relapse sooner or later and, therefore, refuses to hire him as a delivery person. Joan’s reaction and response to Lloyd’s application reflects the impact of a) labeling a person with a disorder rather than the problem. b) prejudice and discrimination. c) social stigma. d) all of these.
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer: d) all of these
Joan’s reaction and refusal to hire Lloyd due to his bipolar disorder demonstrates multiple harmful psychological and social patterns. These include labeling, prejudice and discrimination, as well as the broader effect of social stigma. All three concepts are interconnected, and Joan’s behavior is a clear example of how mental illness can lead to unjust treatment in society.
Labeling refers to the act of assigning a person a defining characteristic, such as a mental illness, which then overshadows other aspects of the person’s identity. Instead of viewing Lloyd as an individual capable of performing a job, Joan defines him by his diagnosis alone. This act of labeling can limit opportunities and reduce individuals to a stereotype rather than acknowledging their full potential.
Prejudice and discrimination occur when negative attitudes and unfair treatment are directed toward someone based on certain characteristics. In this case, Joan holds an unjust belief that Lloyd will relapse and thus is not fit for employment. Acting on this belief by refusing to hire him is discrimination. This is especially harmful because it is based not on performance or qualifications but on assumptions about a health condition.
Social stigma involves negative societal attitudes toward individuals with mental illnesses. It includes the broader cultural context in which people with psychological disorders are seen as unstable, unreliable, or dangerous. Joan’s assumption reflects this stigma, which is widespread and often results in exclusion, reduced self-esteem in affected individuals, and reluctance to seek treatment.
Each of these elements plays a role in reinforcing inequality and exclusion for people with mental health conditions. Joan’s decision exemplifies how society often treats individuals with psychological disorders unfairly, even when they are capable and undergoing proper treatment. Therefore, the most comprehensive and accurate choice is d) all of these.