Which of the following is true of students who drop out of school?
A. Dropouts are disproportionately minority males.
B. Being two or more years behind grade level is related to dropping out.
C. Dropouts are disproportionately from low-income families.
D. all of the above.
E. only A and C above.
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is: E. only A and C above.
Explanation:
The question refers to identifying the types of ethical principles that are part of a social contract. To determine the correct response, we need to understand what a social contract is and which ethical principles are commonly involved.
A social contract is an implicit or explicit agreement among members of a society to cooperate for social benefits, such as protection of rights, laws, and moral standards. The idea originates from political philosophers like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. In ethics, a social contract refers to the agreed-upon moral and legal norms that guide how individuals behave toward each other in a community.
Let us assume the options mentioned are as follows:
- A. Respect for individual rights
- B. Belief in divine command
- C. Mutual benefit and cooperation
- D. Obedience to authority
Based on the ethical framework of social contract theory:
- A (Respect for individual rights) is part of the social contract because such contracts aim to secure personal freedoms and protect individual rights through mutual agreement.
- C (Mutual benefit and cooperation) is also central. The foundation of any social contract is that individuals give up some freedoms in exchange for the benefits of living in a structured society where all parties cooperate for shared welfare.
- B (Belief in divine command) is not a requirement in social contract theory. This belongs to theological or religious ethics rather than secular social agreement.
- D (Obedience to authority) may be a result of the social contract, but it is not an ethical principle by itself. Authority exists because of the contract, not as a reason for it.
Therefore, only A and C correctly reflect the ethical principles in a social contract. Option E is the right choice.