The pressure given movement of fluids and salutes from blood into cellular fluid is called
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer: Filtration
Explanation:
The process by which fluids and solutes move from the blood into the cellular or interstitial fluid due to pressure is called filtration.
What is Filtration?
Filtration is a passive transport mechanism driven by a pressure gradient, most commonly hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure). It does not require energy (ATP). Instead, substances move from an area of higher pressure to lower pressure through a semipermeable membrane, such as the capillary wall.
How It Works in the Body:
In the circulatory system, blood pressure in capillaries forces water and small solutes like glucose, electrolytes, and oxygen out of the blood plasma and into the interstitial fluid that surrounds the cells. Large molecules like proteins and blood cells are too big to pass through the capillary walls and remain in the bloodstream.
The most common place where filtration is observed is:
- Capillary beds – where exchange of nutrients and waste between blood and tissues occurs.
- Kidneys – where blood is filtered to form urine.
Types of Pressure Involved:
- Hydrostatic Pressure – The force exerted by the blood against the capillary walls. This pushes fluid out of the capillaries.
- Osmotic Pressure – Caused by plasma proteins like albumin, it pulls water back into the capillaries.
The net filtration pressure (NFP) determines whether fluid moves out of or into the capillaries. When hydrostatic pressure is greater than osmotic pressure, filtration occurs.
Why It Matters:
Filtration is essential for:
- Delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells.
- Removing waste products from cellular metabolism.
- Maintaining tissue hydration and electrolyte balance.
Disruption in this process (e.g., due to high blood pressure or low albumin levels) can cause edema or fluid imbalance, highlighting the importance of proper filtration in maintaining homeostasis.