__ motivation arises from external factors or rewards.
A) intrinsic
B) habit
C) extrinsic
D) instinct
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer: C) extrinsic
Explanation (300 words):
Extrinsic motivation arises from external factors such as rewards, recognition, money, grades, or the threat of punishment. It occurs when an individual is motivated to perform a behavior or engage in an activity in order to earn a reward or avoid negative consequences.
For example, a student might study hard to get a good grade (reward) or an employee might work overtime to earn a bonus. In both cases, the motivation comes from outside the person rather than from a genuine interest or enjoyment in the task itself.
Extrinsic motivation is different from intrinsic motivation, which stems from within the individual. People who are intrinsically motivated do something because they find it enjoyable or satisfying for its own sake—for example, reading a book because they love the story, not because they have to write a report on it.
The other options in the question refer to different psychological concepts:
- A) Intrinsic – As mentioned, this involves motivation from internal satisfaction rather than external rewards.
- B) Habit – A habit is a learned behavior that becomes automatic over time and does not necessarily involve motivation at all.
- D) Instinct – Instincts are innate, biologically determined behaviors (e.g., a baby’s reflex to suck). They are not learned and are not influenced by motivation in the typical sense.
Extrinsic motivation can be effective in the short term, especially in educational and workplace settings. However, it may not always sustain long-term engagement. Relying solely on extrinsic motivators can reduce intrinsic motivation if the external rewards become the main focus rather than personal growth or interest.
In conclusion, extrinsic motivation refers to doing something because of external rewards or pressures, making option C the correct answer.