British psychologists Hans and Sybil Eysenck believed that we can reduce individual variations based on
A both extraversion-introversion and emotional stability-instability.
B extraversion-introversion.
C neither extraversion-introversion nor emotional stability-instability.
D emotional stability-instability.
The correct answer and explanation is :
The correct answer is A: both extraversion-introversion and emotional stability-instability.
Explanation:
Hans and Sybil Eysenck, two prominent British psychologists, developed a theory of personality based on two main dimensions: extraversion-introversion and emotional stability-instability (also referred to as neuroticism). According to their model, these two dimensions could explain and reduce the complexity of individual personality variations.
- Extraversion-Introversion:
This dimension refers to where a person falls on the spectrum between extraversion (outgoing, sociable, energetic) and introversion (reserved, solitary, and more introspective). Eysenck proposed that individuals who are extraverted tend to seek stimulation and external rewards, while introverts are more content with less stimulation and more inward-focused activities. This trait reflects how a person responds to social interaction and their general level of activity. - Emotional Stability-Instability (Neuroticism):
The second dimension is emotional stability, which refers to how well a person handles stress, emotional reactions, and emotional regulation. At one end of the spectrum are emotionally stable individuals, who are calm, resilient, and generally less reactive to stress. At the other end are emotionally unstable individuals, or those high in neuroticism, who tend to experience frequent emotional disturbances, anxiety, and mood swings.
Eysenck believed that these two dimensions—extraversion-introversion and emotional stability-instability—encompassed the main variations in personality and that most individuals could be classified based on where they fall along these two spectrums. He used these traits to develop a more systematic approach to understanding personality and to reduce the complexity of individual differences.
Eysenck’s theory was influential in personality psychology because it simplified the vast diversity of human personalities into two main factors, making it easier to study, measure, and compare individuals’ behavior and temperament.