The cerebrum is divided into two integrated cerebral hemispheres. Messages are freely and instantly exchanged between these two areas across a structure known as the corpus callosum. In a sense, the hemispheres receive information about the world in duplicate: information within the right hemisphere is immediately flashed to a corresponding area in the left and vice versa. However, the two hemispheres are not identical twins. While information is duplicated, it may not be processed in the same way. Each hemisphere controls the opposite side of the body and has its own specialized functions. In the examples below, identify whether the abilities being measured are related to the functioning of the right hemisphere, left hemisphere or both.
- A nine year old with several problems, but who is thought to be gifted, has been referred for testing by his teacher. One portion of the test assesses his ability to read and apply detailed instructions regarding geometrical forms, for example, “Put the red trapezoid inside the blue hexagon under the orange parabola.” To the delight of his teacher, he performs these tasks perfectly.
The correct answer and explanation is :
The abilities being measured in this example are related to the right hemisphere of the brain.
Explanation:
The cerebrum, which is the largest part of the brain, is divided into two hemispheres, each responsible for controlling opposite sides of the body and specializing in different functions. The left hemisphere is generally associated with tasks that involve logic, language, analytical reasoning, and detail-oriented activities, such as reading, writing, and arithmetic. In contrast, the right hemisphere is more involved in spatial awareness, visual and non-verbal processing, pattern recognition, and creative tasks.
The task described in the example involves the ability to understand and apply geometric concepts and spatial relationships. This is a hallmark of right hemisphere function. The right hemisphere excels at processing information about spatial relations, patterns, and the manipulation of objects in space. The child’s ability to follow detailed instructions about the arrangement of geometric shapes, such as placing a red trapezoid inside a blue hexagon under an orange parabola, relies on spatial reasoning and visual processing, which are primarily mediated by the right hemisphere.
Furthermore, the right hemisphere is important for tasks like recognizing shapes, understanding their positions in relation to each other, and mentally rotating objects in space. These abilities are critical for performing well in tasks that require interpreting spatial instructions, as seen in the example. This child’s skill in completing the task is indicative of strong right hemisphere functioning, as he is able to visualize the relationships between the shapes and apply the instructions effectively.
Thus, the ability to follow such instructions and process complex spatial relationships is best attributed to the right hemisphere of the brain, which is specialized for spatial and visual processing.